Ukukhanya kunemiphumela eminingi ehlukahlukene empilweni yomuntu ebonwayo, isigqi sebhayoloji, ukuqonda imizwelo, umzimba kanye nokuvikeleka ngenxa yemiphumela yebhayoloji ebonwayo nengabonakali, futhi kuwubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bempilo yendawo yokuhlala yabantu obugxile kakhulu emikhakheni yezokwakha, optics, isayensi yempilo kanye nobunjiniyela bezemvelo.

Indima Yokuphulukisa Yokukhanya Esikhaleni Se-Habitat

Ukufudukela emadolobheni okusheshayo kuye kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwenhlalakahle yezomnotho kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lokuphila kwabantu, kodwa futhi kwaletha izinselele ezinkulu empilweni yabantu.Ukuguga okujulile kwesakhiwo sabantu, ijubane elisheshayo lempilo yezenhlalo, ukwanda kwengcindezi yokuncintisana emsebenzini nokufunda, kanye nokusetshenziswa njalo kwamadivaysi ahlakaniphile kagesi kuye kwaholela ochungechungeni lwezinkinga zempilo ezibukwayo futhi kwandisa nengozi yezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba. kanye nezifo zengqondo.Kusukela emthonjeni wokugqugquzelwa kwezempilo, amasu okungenelela ezempilo ahlukahlukene, izindlela nezindlela zokulawula ngokugcwele isimo sokungalingani kufanele kuhlolwe futhi kuthuthukiswe ngokushesha.Ukukhanya kuyisici esiyinhloko sendawo engokoqobo yendawo yokuhlala yomuntu futhi kunomphumela wezempilo onezinhlangothi eziningi "wezinto ezibonakalayo-ngokomzimba-ngokwengqondo".Izinga le-WEL, eliqashelwa kabanzi emkhakheni wezakhiwo ezinempilo, kanye nezakhi eziyisishiyagalolunye eziyisisekelo zezakhiwo ezinempilo ezihlongozwe yiSikhungo Sesimo Sezulu, Ezempilo kanye Nendawo Yomhlaba Wonke ye-Harvard School of Public Health, zombili zigxile endaweni ekhanyayo.Kuqinisekile ukuthi ngokusetha okuphusile kwenani lokukhanya, ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya kwendawo, i-spectrum yomthombo wokukhanya kanye nesu lokukhanya, kanye nedizayini eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ye-light landscape ne-light art media interface, kubaluleke kakhulu ucwaningo ukusebenzisa ukukhanya njengendlela eqondile. kanye nezindlela ezisebenzayo, eziphephile nezingenamiphumela emibi zokungenelela kwezempilo okusebenzayo endaweni ehlala abantu ukuze kuqedwe imiphumela emibi ebangelwa izici ze-pathogenic zemvelo.

izici ezithinta indawo yokuhlala

Indawo ekhanyayo nempilo ebonakalayo

Umthelela wokukhanya empilweni yomuntu uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: ezibonakalayo nezingezona ezibonakalayo.Ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-80 olwazi olutholwa abantu ngomhlaba wangaphandle lutholakala ngezindlela ezibonwayo.Ngakho-ke, ikhwalithi yokubukwayo ithinta iningi lokuziphatha nemisebenzi efana nomsebenzi, ukuzijabulisa, ukusebenzelana, nokuzilibazisa, futhi ihlobene eduze nezinga lempilo.Iso liyisitho somuntu esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi izimo zokukhanya ezingezinhle njengokukhanya okunganele, izithunzi, ukuxhopha, ukukhanya kwe-strobe, kanye nokukhuthazwa kolwazi olubonakalayo okweqile ngeke nje kuholele ekuncipheni kokubona umsebenzi, ukukhathala okubukwayo, kanye nokuncipha kokusebenza kokusebenza, kodwa futhi kuzovimbela. ukusebenza okushelelayo kwemisebenzi, kanye nemiphumela yayo eqongelelayo yesikhathi eside izobangela i-myopia, isheshise ukonakala kwe-macular, futhi ilethe umonakalo ongenakulungiseka obonakalayo.I-China itshala izinsiza eziningi zabantu nezomnotho ekuvikelweni kwezempilo okubonakalayo kuzwelonke minyaka yonke, futhi ukuthuthukisa indawo ekhanyayo yendawo yokuhlala yabantu kungomunye wemisebenzi ebalulekile.

Kunobudlelwano obuhambisanayo phakathi komsebenzi obonwayo weso lomuntu, umsebenzi obonakalayo kanye nendawo yokukhanya.Inani elikhulu locwaningo lwenziwe mayelana nokuqhathanisa ikhono lokubona labantu abahlukahlukene njengentsha, abantu abadala, nabantu abadala abanezimo zokusebenza ezihlukene njengephepha, i-VDT, nokucubungula okuhle, ukuze kuzuzwe imingcele yemvelo ekhanyayo edingekayo ukuze usebenze ngokubonakalayo. nokunethezeka okubonakalayo.Ngaphansi kwemizamo engapheli yezinhlangano zezemfundo nabacwaningi abamelelwe i-CIE kanye nesazi saseMelika uPerter Boyce, kuye kwakheka ukuvumelana ngomthelela wezinto ezingazodwana zemvelo yokukhanya ezifana nokukhanya, ukukhanya, ukusatshalaliswa kokukhanya kwenkambu yokubuka, umbala womthombo wokukhanya kanye nokunikezwa kombala kokubonakalayo. izinga, kanye namazinga embonini ahlukahlukene kanye nokucaciswa kwethulwe ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ukuze kuqondiswe umkhuba wokuklama wemvelo yokukhanya kwezakhiwo.

Izigqi ezilula nezebhayoloji

Umzimba womuntu unewashi elikhethekile elibizwa ngokuthi “i-biorhythm”, elilawula izinqubo eziningi zomzimba ezifana nokulala, ukudla, umzimba, ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni kanye nokusabela komzimba, nokugcina i-homeostasis enempilo yomzimba.Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi sebhayoloji kubangela ukukhuluphala, umdlavuza, izifo ze-neurodeergenerative nezinye izifo, futhi kuthinta nokwelashwa nokuvuselelwa kwezifo.Ngaphezu kwamaseli e-cone namaseli wenduku, uhlobo lwesithathu lwamaseli e-photoreceptor, amaseli e-retinal akhethekile we-photoreceptor ganglion cell (ipRGCs), akhona ku-retina yezilwane ezincelisayo futhi azwela ukukhanya nokukhanya kwephrojekthi esikhungweni sokulawula isigqi -Bayakwazi ukubona ngokuqondile izisusa zokukhanya kanye namasignali okukhanya kwephrojekthi ku-nucleus ye-suprachiasmatic (SCN), eyenza indlela yokukhanya engeyona isithombe futhi ibe nomthelela ekukhiqizweni kwe-pineal melatonin, i-cortisol namanye amahomoni abantu abalulekile, ngaleyo ndlela ilawula isigqi se-biological.

Izindlela ezibonakalayo nezingezona ezibonakalayo zesenzo sokukhanya

Umthelela wesigqi wokukhanya uyisisekelo sokugxila kocwaningo ezindaweni zokukhanya kwezempilo ezibangelwa abantu.Amakilasi, amahhovisi, izibhedlela, nezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba ziye zafaka izinhlelo zokukhanyisa ezinesigqi esinamandla ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokulala ebusuku nokunaka kwengqondo nokuqapha phakathi nokuphaphama emini.Ukugqugquzelwa kwesigqi sekuyinkomba eyinhloko yendawo yokukhanya enempilo, futhi ukuhlolwa kobuningi komthelela wako manje sekugxilwe kakhulu emikhakheni ehlobene ekhaya naphesheya.

Umphumela womzwelo wokukhanya

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uJohn A. Schindler, udokotela wase-United States, waveza encwadini yakhe ethi How to Live 365 Days a Year ukuthi izifo ezingaba ngu-76% zihlobene nokuguga.Isihluthulelo sokuvimbela izifo kanye nokukhuthaza impilo engokomzimba nengqondo ukugcina isimo sengqondo esinethemba futhi esihle ngokulawula imizwa ngendlela enengqondo.Ukwelashwa ngokukhanya okumhlophe okukhanyayo kwethulwa ekwelapheni ukuphazamiseka kwesizini ngeminyaka yawo-1980 kwaba nemiphumela emangalisayo, futhi imiphumela yocwaningo lomtholampilo olwalandela nayo yabonisa ukuthi ukukhanya kunemiphumela emihle ekwelapheni ukudangala kwangemva kokubeletha, i-premenstrual syndrome, kanye ne-non-seasonal affective disorder. .

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhanya, umbala kanye nesikhala ndawonye kwakha indawo ebonwayo edlulisa ulimi lomzwelo, okwenza ukukhanya kuhlobane eduze nolwazi lomuntu lokuqonda kanye nemizwelo.U-John Flynn, oyingqalabutho ocwaningweni lwe-lighting psychology, wabonisa ukuthi izinguquko endaweni yokukhanya zizoletha izimpendulo ezihlukene ngendawo, ukucaca okubonakalayo, ubumfihlo, injabulo, ukuphumula, nokuba yinkimbinkimbi.Umthelela wokubona obonakalayo wokukhanya nombala uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukudala izimo zendawo nomoya ohlanganisa imizwa futhi uvuse imizwa ethile yengqondo.Isibonelo, uchungechunge lwemisebenzi yobuciko yokukhanya egxilile ka-James Turrell lwakha ukuzizwisa okuthinta imizwa kusukela ku-psychedelic kuya ku-surreal ngokusebenzisa ukuzwakala kwenzwa kumongo.

James Terrell's Immersive Light Artwork

I-Innovative Practice Outlook for Healthy Light Environment endaweni yokuhlala yabantu

Umkhuba kanye nokuqanjwa okusha kwemvelo yokukhanya okunempilo kusuka ekuphishekeleni okungaphezi kwempilo yempilo yomuntu futhi kugcwele amathuba angenamkhawulo.Nakuba abantu beye baqonda imiphumela ebanzi yokukhanya embonweni, i-physiology kanye ne-psychology ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi ze-neural, kusekhona izindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zokwenza okufanele zihlolwe.Ngokujula kolwazi lwabantu mayelana nempilo nempilo, kanye nokuxhumana okwandayo okuseduze phakathi kobuchwepheshe bolwazi lwedijithali njengokwakha okuhlakaniphile, idatha enkulu, i-cloud computing, ukuxhumana okungenantambo kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto kanye nendawo yezakhiwo nokuphila komuntu, isimo nokuqukethwe kwabantu. impilo enempilo ilokhu ishintsha njalo, futhi incazelo kanye nobubanzi bocwaningo lwezempilo elula izonwetshwa ngokuqhubekayo futhi ize iguqulwe.

Umthombo: Times Building