Ngikholelwa ukuthi wonke umuntu obambe iqhaza embonini yokukhanyisa ufunde mayelana nolwazi oluyisisekelo lokushisa kombala: izinga lokushisa eliphansi lombala lenza abantu bazizwe bekhululekile futhi befudumele, izinga lokushisa lombala ophezulu lipholile futhi liyajabulisa, enkambisweni yokuklama kuzophinde kulandele lo mqondo.

Kodwa-ke, impilo yangempela yendawo yokukhanya, akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi akukho ukukhanya, akukho strobe, ukugxila kuphela ekukhanyeni, izinga lokushisa lombala, ukufana akwanele, sidinga futhi ukunaka inani "elilinganayo le-pixel elimnyama" lisemgqeni. ngezinga.

Indlela yokukala leli gugu ngaphambi kokuba siqale sazi umqondo we-“melatonin”.

I-Melatonin

Izigidigidi zeminyaka, ukukhanya kwelanga bekusebenza njengomthombo wokuqala nowodwa wokukhanya omise isigqi se-endogenous circadian cishe zonke izinhlobo zokuphila.

Isizathu sokuthi kungani abantu bezohambisana nokukhiqizwa "kokuphuma kwelanga ukusebenza, ukushona kwelanga ukuze baphumule", imithetho yokuphila, ngoba i-pineal gland yobuchopho bomuntu izokhipha i-hormone: i-melatonin, "amaphilisi okulala emvelo", ingumzimba wethu. "isignali yokuphumula" ezenzakalelayo.“Iphilisi lokulala lemvelo”, “uphawu lokuphumula” lomzimba wethu.Lapho umzimba une-melatonin eyengeziwe, sizokozela;lapho okuqukethwe kwe-melatonin kuncane, sizoba namandla.

Futhi inani le-melatonin elikhiqiziwe lihlobene namandla okukhanya.Ngoba kukhona amaseli e-retinal ganglion azimele (ipRGCs) ku-retina yethu, angahlanganisa iphrotheni ye-photoreceptor, i-melanopsin, ezwa ukushuba kokukhanya futhi idlulisele amasignali ku-pineal gland, ngaleyo ndlela ithinte ukukhishwa kwe-melatonin: kakhulu ebumnyameni, kancane ukukhanya okukhanyayo.ku-pineal gland, ethinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-melatonin: kakhulu ebumnyameni futhi kancane ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo.Yingakho kulula ukulala ebumnyameni.

Ukuthatha "ukukhanyisa okwenziwayo" kwasekuqaleni - ukukhanya komlilo njengesibonelo, izinga lokushisa lombala walo lalicishe libe ngu-2000K, linokukhanya okuluhlaza okuncane kakhulu nokukhanya okuningi okubomvu.Lokhu kukhanya okufudumele kombala ophansi, kwenza abantu bazizwe bekhululekile, kungangena ngokushesha esimweni sokulala.

Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, singabuyekeza amaphuzu ambalwa:

a.Abantu badinga izinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhanya ngezidingo ezahlukene;

b.Ukukhanya okumhlophe kwenza abantu baphaphame futhi bajabule, futhi ukukhanya okuphuzi kwenza abantu bakhululeke futhi bakhululeke;

c.Ingqikithi ngemuva iwukuphuma “kwephilisi lokulala lemvelo” i-melatonin;

d.Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuvuselela “amaseli e-melatonin photoreceptor” futhi kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-melatonin.

Lezi futhi ziyisisekelo sokuphila kwe-Human Centric Lighting. 

Incazelo kanye nemibandela yokukhanya kwe-melatonin

Iladi lokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwebhayoloji likalwa ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane zeminyaka, kanti umlando wempucuko yabantu ungaphansi kweminyaka eyi-10,000.Abantu baye bazivumelanisa nendlela yokuphila yesimanje ngokwemibandela “yesoftware” yezengqondo nezamasiko, kodwa “i-hardware” yesakhiwo somzimba ayizange ihambisane nezinguquko."Iwashi lebhayoloji" emzimbeni wethu liyisikhungo "se-hardware" esingakwazi ukuhambisana nezinguquko.Ukuphazanyiswa kwewashi lezinto eziphilayo kuthinta ngokuqondile ubuthongo, kodwa futhi kuholela ekuziphatheni okubi, okubangela ukukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela nezinye izifo ze-metabolic.

Kodwa manje ufuna ukunciphisa ukukhanya ebusuku akunakwenzeka, ngakho-ke kufanele sicabange: hlobo luni lokukhanya olungeke lubangele ukuphazamiseka kwewashi lezinto eziphilayo?

Besifuna ukuklama isistimu yokukhanyisa ezonikeza ukukhuthazwa okwanele phakathi nosuku ukuze sihlale siphapheme, nokukhanyisa kwasebusuku okuzokwanelisa izidingo zokubukwa ngaphandle kokucindezela ukukhishwa kwe-melatonin kakhulu ukuze kuphazamise ikhwalithi yokulala.

Ukwenza lokhu, ipharamitha yesilinganiso sobuningi besidingeka, ngakho ososayensi bachaze leli nani elisha sha lokukhanya: I-EML (Equivalent Melanopic Lux), I-Equivalent Melanopic Illuminance, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Retinotopic Equivalent Lux.kusho isilinganiso se-photometric esisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa izinga lokukhuthazwa kwempendulo yesithombe yomthombo wokukhanya kuma-opsins amnyama.(Incazelo icashunwe ku-WELL Building Standards)

I-Conventional illuminance lux (lx) isetshenziselwa ukukala ukuzwela kokukhanya kwamaseli e-cone, ichaza ngokwenani ukukhanya okuvumela iso lomuntu ukuthi libone izinto.

Ukukhanya okulinganayo kwe-melanopic (EML), ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuguqula i-spectral stimulus yomthombo wokukhanya ngokusikala ngokuphendula kwama-ipRGC ukuze sikhanyise njengendlela yokuchaza ngobuningi imiphumela yebhayoloji yokukhanya kumuntu njengendlela yokunikeza ukwesekwa. ngezigqi ze-circadian ezinempilo.

Ukukhanya okune-EML ephezulu kukhulisa ukuqaphela, futhi ukukhanya okune-EML ephansi kukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-melatonin yomzimba futhi kunciphisa ukuphaphama.Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenza ekuphumeni kwelanga noma uphuma emini, kufanele ukhethe ukukhanya okune-EML ephezulu uma usebenza futhi umatasa, futhi ushintshele ekukhanyeni nge-EML ephansi lapho uphumule nangaphambi kokulala.

Umthombo oshicilelwe ngaphambilini futhi ogunyazwe ngokwengeziwe wemithethonqubo yobuningi ku-EML Izinga Lokwakha LE-WELL.

Isilinganiso seleveli yokukhanya ye-melatonin elinganayo

Manje njengoba sesiyazi indima ye-EML kanye nemithethonqubo efanele, singalazi kanjani inani eliqondile le-EML?

Kunezindlela ezintathu zokwenza lokhu: ①ukulinganisa usebenzisa ithuluzi le-photometric;②ukuguqulwa kwesilinganiso okulula;kanye③nokuguqulwa okunembe kwe-spectral.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukulinganisa kwansuku zonke, ukwamukelwa kwephrojekthi, noma amaklayenti akholisayo, abaklami badinga ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ochwepheshe be-photometric ukuze bahlole futhi bakhulume nedatha.

Ngokungeziwe ezinkomba zokukhanya ezine ezibalulekile zokukhanya, izinga lokushisa lombala, umehluko obonakalayo, nokufana, insimbi ye-photometric iphinde yengeza isilinganiso sokukhanya se-melatonin esilinganayo, esihambisana nemingcele yemvelo yokukhanya ye-WELL Healthy Building Standard™ yamazwe ngamazwe, ene- iphutha lesilinganiso <5%.

Indlela elula yokuguqula isilinganiso isho ukulinganisa noma ukubala amanani avamile “okukhanya okubonakalayo okujwayelekile” kusetshenziswa amathuluzi afana namamitha okukhanya, isoftware ye-DIALux simulation, njll. Amanani okukhanyisa abe eseguqulelwa ku-EML.Izilinganiso zokuguqulwa kwe-lx ne-EML ziyahlukahluka emithonjeni yokukhanya ehlukene.

Isibonelo, uma isibani se-incandescent sikhanyisa isikhala ku-200 lx, ukukhanya kwe-melatonin kulelo phuzu kungu-200 x 0.54 = 108 EML.

Yebo, ngisho nemithombo yokukhanya efanayo namazinga okushisa afanayo ombala, amanani we-EML kufanele ahluke uma ukusabalalisa kwe-spectral kuhlukile.

Uma umthombo othile wokukhanya ungatholakali kuThebula L1, ngiwuguqula kanjani?Yilapho indlela yesibili yokuguqula iqala khona ukusebenza: ukuguqulwa kwe-spectral okuqondile.

Ubukhulu obuhlobene kubude beza beza buqala kukalwa bese bulinganiswa ngefomula ecacisiwe ukuze kubalwe isilinganiso esinembile se-EML.

Isibonelo, uma ngifuna ukusebenzisa ukukhanya kwenkomishi ye-BLV 4000K ekamelweni lami lokulala, kufanele ngiyifiphaze kangakanani ebusuku?

Ngokwezinga lesakhiwo se-WELL samagumbi okulala: i-EML kufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-50 ebusuku, bese ukukhanya kwegumbi kufanele kulawulwe ngaphansi kuka-50 ÷ 0.87 = 58 lx ekufanisweni kwe-DIALux.

Okungenhla "ukukhanya okulingana kwe-melatonin" yemvelo, umthombo, ukukalwa kokuqukethwe, ngikholelwa ukuthi unokuqonda okuthile kokukhanyisa izici zomuntu, bese kungasetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwalo mqondo.