Kuyini ukukhanya?

Ukukhanyisa kuyisilinganiso sokukhanyisa umsebenzi nezindawo zokuhlala noma izinto zomuntu ngamunye usebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya ehlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa kwelanga nokukhanya kwesibhakabhaka kubizwa ngokuthi “ukukhanya kwemvelo”; ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo yokukhanya yokwenziwa kubizwa ngokuthi “ukukhanyisa okwenziwayo”. Inhloso eyinhloko yokukhanyisa ukudala ukubonakala okuhle nendawo ekhululekile nejabulisayo.

1. Ukukhanya kwe-accent

Ukukhanyisa kwe-accent ukukhanya okuqondisayo okusetshenziselwa ukugcizelela into ethile noma ukudonsela ukunaka engxenyeni yenkundla yokubuka. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukugcizelela izingxenye ezithile zesikhala noma impahla, njengezakhi zezakhiwo, amafreyimu, ama-closets, izinto eziqoqiwe, izinto zokuhlobisa kanye nemisebenzi yobuciko, izinto zobuciko zasemnyuziyamu, njalonjalo. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukugqamisa imibukiso eyinhloko kanye nokwethula isithombe esiphelele semibukiso. Ukukhanyisa okugxilile ngokuvamile kukhetha ukusebenzisa izibani ezikhanyayo noma amalambu okukhanya okuphezulu ukuze kukhanye, ukuze izinto ezibonisiwe ezihlukene zikhethe ukukhanya okuhlukile, ezinye izinsalela zamasiko ezibalulekile kufanele zigwenywe ukuze kugwenywe imisebe yokukhanya eqondile kanye nokulimala kwe-ultraviolet, infrared.

2. Ukukhanya kwe-ambient

Izinga lemvelo linobudlelwano obuqondile nefomu lokukhanyisa nokukhanyisa. Ukukhanyisa kwemvelo kubhekisela esikhaleni esihlukene nezindlela zokusebenza zokwenza isihlobo silingane emphumeleni womthombo wokukhanya, umthombo wokukhanya uthinta ngokufanayo zonke izinto ezisesigcawini, unikeze ukudlala okugcwele endimeni yokuhlobisa yezindawo zokukhanyisa kanye nokubonakaliswa kobuciko obukhanyayo. Lo mphumela wokuhlobisa awubonakali kuphela kumalambu nezibani ngokwazo ekuhlobiseni nasekuhlobiseni umphumela, futhi ngokusebenzisa izibani nezibani kanye nesakhiwo sokuhlobisa sangaphakathi nangaphandle kanye nombala wenhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo zezingoma ezihlukahlukene zokukhanyisa nokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwendawo, ukwakheka komphumela ohlukile wobuciko bemvelo yokukhanya.

Hlobo luni lokukhanya ongalisebenzisa?

Ithoni yombala – izinga lokushisa lombala

Izinga lokushisa lombala liyindlela yokuchaza umbala wokukhanya futhi livezwa ngo-Kelvin (K). Ukukhanya okunokushisa kombala ophakeme kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi ukukhanya okunokushisa kombala ophansi kuphuzi. Ekwakhiweni kokukhanyisa, ukukhetha kwezinga lokushisa lombala kungathonya umuzwa kanye ne-ambience yendawo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile kanye nemizwa. Amazinga okushisa aphansi ombala asiza ukudala isimo sezulu esifudumele nesamukelayo, kuyilapho amazinga okushisa emibala ephezulu afaneleka kangcono ezindaweni ezidinga ukukhanya okukhulu.

Izinga lokushisa eliphansi lombala (ngaphansi kuka-3000K)

Ukukhanya Kwethoni Efudumele: Imithombo yokukhanya enamazinga okushisa anombala ophansi ngokuvamile ibonisa amathoni afudumele, afana nokushona kwelanga kwemvelo noma ukukhanya kwekhandlela. Lolu hlobo lokukhanyisa lufaneleka ukudala umoya ofudumele, othokomele futhi ngakho-ke luvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zasekhaya ezifana namakamelo okulala, amakamelo okudlela kanye namakamelo okuhlala.

Ukudala isimo sokuphumula: Ukushisa kombala ophansi ukukhanya kusiza ukuphumuza umzimba nengqondo, ngakho kulungele izindawo ezifana nezindawo zokungcebeleka, izindawo zokubhucunga nama-spa ukuze kuthuthukiswe umuzwa wokuphumula phakathi kwezivakashi.

Izinga lokushisa lombala eliphezulu (cishe 4000K nangaphezulu)

Ukukhanya Kwethoni Epholile: Imithombo yokukhanya yokushisa kombala ophezulu ngokuvamile iveza ithoni epholile, efana nokukhanya kosuku lwemvelo noma ukukhanya kwelanga otshanini. Lolu hlobo lokukhanyisa lufanele izindawo ezidinga ukuqapha nokugxila okwengeziwe, njengamahhovisi, izikole kanye nezikhungo zezokwelapha.

Ithuthukisa ukucaca okubonakalayo: Ukukhanya kokushisa okuphakeme kombala kuthuthukisa umbono wemininingwane nombala, ngakho-ke kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kudingeka khona izinga eliphezulu lokunemba kokubonwayo, njengamalabhorethri, izitudiyo zobuciko namagumbi okuhlinza.

Khulisa ukudlidliza: Ukukhanya okushisa okumibalabala okuphezulu kungasetshenziswa nasezindaweni zentengiso njengezitolo zezitolo namahholo emibukiso ukuze kwandiswe ukukhanga kwemikhiqizo kanye nomuzwa wokudlidliza phakathi kwamakhasimende.

Ukukhanya - I-Luminous Flux & Illumination

Isimo sokusebenzisa ukukhanya kokukhanyisa kufanele kucabangele izidingo zezindawo ezihlukene, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lomsebenzi, ukuphepha, i-ambience kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamandla. Ukukhetha okufanele nokuklama kwezinhlelo zokukhanyisa kungathuthukisa kakhulu isipiliyoni nokusebenza kwesigcawu esinikeziwe.

Ukukhanyisa kwasekhaya: Sebenzisa amazinga okushisa emibala ehlukene kanye namazinga okukhanya emakamelweni okuhlala, emakhishini nasemakamelweni okulala ukuze udale umoya ofudumele, osebenzayo noma onethezekile.

Ukukhanyisa Kwezentengiselwano: Ezitolo zezitolo, izindawo zokudlela nezindawo zokudlela, sebenzisa ukukhanya ukuze ugqamise okuthengiswayo noma udale umoya omnandi.

Ukukhanyisa Kwangaphandle: Khetha ukukhanya okulungile kanye nezinga lokushisa lombala ukuze uthuthukise ukuphepha nobuhle emigwaqweni, emagcekeni nasezingadini.

Izindawo zasehhovisi: Sebenzisa ukukhanya okusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo emahhovisi ukuze uthuthukise ukukhiqiza kwabasebenzi.

Izikhungo zezokwelapha: Khetha imithombo yokukhanya engathathi hlangothi ezibhedlela nasemitholampilo ukuze uhlangabezane nezidingo zenhlanzeko.

1. Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kombala-inkomba i-Ra/R9

Inkomba yokunikeza umbala (Ra) isilinganiso sombala onikezwe umthombo wokukhanya entweni uqhathaniswa nombala onikezwe into ngokwayo. Inkomba yokunikeza umbala iyinkomba ebalulekile yekhwalithi yomthombo wokukhanya. Uma inkomba yokunikeza umbala yomthombo wokukhanya inkulu, ingabonisa kakhulu umbala wangempela wento ekhanyisiwe, okungukuthi, ukukhiqizwa kombala okungcono kakhulu. Lapho inkomba yokunikeza umbala iphansi, umbala wento ekhanyisiwe uzohlanekezelwa, okungukuthi, ukukhiqiza ukuhlanekezela kombala.

Inkomba ekhethekile yokunikeza umbala engu-R9 ikhono eligcwele eligcwele lombala obomvu, ngenxa yokuthi imikhiqizo ye-LED ngokuvamile ayinayo ingxenye yokukhanya okubomvu, imboni ngokuvamile ingu-R9 njengokuhambisana okubalulekile kwenkomba evamile yokunikeza umbala u-Ra, esetshenziselwa ukuchaza umthombo wokukhanya kokugcwele. ikhono lokukhiqiza umbala obomvu. Ukusetshenziswa kokukhanyisa okunombala ophezulu onikezayo kuthuthukisa umbono wesikhala, kuyilapho ukunikezwa kombala ophansi kuthinta ikhono lokuhlukanisa izinto kanye nokubona ngokunembile indawo ezungezile.

Kutholwe ukuthi inkomba evamile yokunikeza umbala, i-Ra, yokunikeza umbala we-LED yayingahambisani nokuhlola okubukwayo. Ukukhanya okumhlophe kwe-LED okunenkomba evamile ephansi yokunikeza umbala u-Ra angase angabi nawo umbala ompofu onikezayo ngokubukeka, futhi ngokuphambene, ukukhanya okumhlophe kwe-LED okuno-Ra ophakeme akusho ukuthi kube nombala ongcono onikeza ngokubonakalayo. Ngakho-ke, i-Ra ne-R9 kuphela ngesikhathi esifanayo enenani eliphakeme ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukunikezwa kombala ophezulu we-LED.

2.Ukubunjwa Kwezinto - I-Beam Angle

Ngokwamagama e-layman, i-engeli ye-beam ibhekisela kumthombo wokukhanya noma i-engeli ye-engeli yokukhanya ekhishwa i-luminaire, okungukuthi, umsebe wemingcele yobubanzi obuthile obunjwe i-engeli. Ngokuvamile, i-engeli ye-beam endaweni ekhanyisiwe ibonakala ngokunembile endaweni nasekukhanyeni. Endabeni yezinye izimo ziyefana, i-engeli ye-beam inkulu, ukukhanya okuphakathi nendawo kuncane, indawo enkulu, ukukhanya kuncane, futhi okuphambene nalokho.

Emklamo wokukhanyisa wangempela, i-angle ye-boam ehlukile yesibani inokusetshenziswa okuhlukile, ayikwazi ukusho nje ukuthi i-angle ye-beam enkulu noma encane ingcono. Isibonelo, lapho sifuna ukugxila entweni ehlosiwe, futhi okuhlosiwe kukude nezibani, ungakhetha izibani ze-angle ezincane ze-beam. Kodwa uma isetshenziselwa ukukhanyisa okujwayelekile endaweni yokukhanyisa okuyisisekelo, ungakhetha futhi izibani ezinkulu ze-angle ze-beam nezibani, ukuze wenze isikhala sokuthola ukukhanya okufanayo.

3. Induduzo Esikhaleni - Ukucwebezela okuvela ku-Luminaires

Ukucwebezela ukukhanya okukhanyayo okuphazamisa ukubona futhi kuveza ukungakhululeki noma kweqe isistimu yokubuka. Ukukhanya okwedlulele ngaphakathi kwenkundla yokubuka kubangela ukucasula, ukungakhululeki noma ngisho nokulahlekelwa umsebenzi obonakalayo. Ukucwebezela kungenye yezimbangela ezinkulu zokukhathala okubukwayo.

Izinhlobo ezintathu zokuxhopha

1. Ukukhanya okukhazimulayo: ukuboniswa okuvela endaweni enesibuko noma esibukweni sentoukubonwa kuba lufifi.

2. Ukukhanya okuqondile: kubhekisela kusibukeli esibona ngokuqondile umthombo wokukhanya noma ukubonakaliswa okunamandla komthombo wokukhanya.

3. Ukuxhopha okukhubaza: okubangelwa ukubuka ngqo umthombo wokukhanya okhanya kakhulu kunenkundla yokubuka ezungezile.

Ukwelashwa kwe-anti-glare

1. Khulisa i-engeli yomthunzi: njenge-honeycomb mesh, amabhodi okuvimbela ukukhanya, ama-shades, amalambu nezibani ezifihlekile.

2. Ukukhanyisa okungaqondile/ukubonakaliswa kokusabalalisa: Lungisa i-engeli yokukhanya, khulisa ishidi elithambile nezinye izinyathelo.

3. Thuthukisa ukufana kokukhanya kwesikhala, unciphise isilinganiso sokukhanya.